Google confirmed the authenticity of the documents, commenting as follows:

“We caution against making incorrect search assumptions based on information that is out of context, out of date, or incomplete. We have shared extensive information about how search works and what factors our systems take into account, while working to protect the integrity of our results from manipulation.”

Google search ranking algorithms

This Google data leak, along with other leaks and recent testimony in the US Department of Justice antitrust case, has shed light on many aspects of their ranking algorithms that call into question some of the company’s public statements . Here are a few key points that diverge from their claims about ranking methods and are of great interest to SEOs:

Additional Important Points

Demotion in Google ranking algorithms

Demotion is the decline in the ranking of web pages in search results due to the presence of certain factors that negatively affect their quality or relevance. The data leak revealed that Google uses many different algorithmic mechanisms to demote pages. Here are some of them:

Architecture of the ranking system

Functionality and interconnection of various systems at Google by their internal names.

Crawl 

Indexing

Rendering

Treatment

Ranging

Service

What are Twiddlers?

Twiddlers are re-ranking functions that start working after the main ranking algorithm, Ascorer, has been executed. Twiddlers can adjust a document’s information search score or change its rating, as well as impose certain restrictions on categories.

Presumably, any of the functions with the Boost suffix work using the Twiddler framework. Here are some Boosts described in the documentation:

The factors outlined above show exactly how Google ranks sites. It is worth noting that the information may be updated with new data, since the documentation has recently appeared on the Internet